Women’s reproductive health is a crucial aspect of their overall well-being. It encompasses various aspects such as menstrual health, fertility, pregnancy, childbirth and menopause. Maintaining good ovarian health involves adopting healthy lifestyle habits, regular gynaecological check-ups and prompt medical attention for any unusual symptoms or changes in menstrual cycle. It is also essential to have access to comprehensive sexual education, family planning services and safe abortion care. Women’s reproductive health plays a significant role in their social, economic, and political empowerment.
Ovarian tumours are growths that originate from the cells of the ovaries. This growth can be cancerous or non-cancerous. The tumours vary in size, symptoms and impact on health. Various factors like genetics, age, reproductive history and lifestyle choices can affect their occurrence. Symptoms can be similar to many less severe conditions like abdominal bloating, pelvic pain and changes in bowel or bladder habits.
According to recent data ovarian cancer is rated as the third most common type of cancer among Indian women, approximately 6.8 per 100,000 women. Unfortunately, it is detected in the later stages because of its asymptomatic nature, due to which early detection and effective treatment are delayed and complicated. Some common factors are changes in lifestyle, delayed childbearing and genetics. Every year, approximately 25,000 new cases rise in India, which highlights the need to improve screening & prevention to manage the increasing healthcare burden.
A unique case of a 13-year-old girl experienced significant abdominal distention and mild discomfort, that had been ongoing for approximately three months. Despite these symptoms, the patient was able to maintain a good appetite and perform her daily activities normally. Upon evaluation, an initial ultrasound revealed a large mass occupying much of her abdomen. To further evaluate the situation, a CT scan was conducted, which confirmed the presence of large mass. Decision to proceed with surgery was taken. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, to successfully remove 8.5 kg mass from her ovary. This surgical procedure was essential for directly examining the abdominal organs and to determine the extent and spread of the disease. During the operation, a specific procedure called Salpingo-oophorectomy was performed on the left side, which involved the removal of the ovary and fallopian tube. This step was critical in addressing the underlying cause of the distention and ensuring that any pathological tissues were effectively managed. Thus alleviating the symptoms and preventing further complications related to the mass. Remarkably, the other ovary and fallopian tube, as well as her liver and rest of the abdominal cavity, were found to be normal. This case highlights the critical importance of imaging in diagnosing significant ovarian masses and underscores the effectiveness of timely surgical intervention.
Maintaining ovarian health is crucial for women’s overall well-being, fertility and hormonal balance. To promote healthy ovaries, women can adopt practical tips such as consuming a balanced diet rich in antioxidants, vitamins and minerals, engaging in regular physical activity, avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption, managing stress levels, and getting adequate sleep. Additionally, women should undergo regular gynaecological check-ups to detect any potential issues early on and seek medical attention promptly or if they experience any unusual symptoms or changes in their menstrual cycle. By prioritising ovarian health, women can enhance their quality of life and prevent various reproductive and hormonal disorders.
(The author, Dr. Sharmila Solanki, is a Consultant, Obstetrics & Gynecology, at Manipal Hospital.)
